What is lithium battery energy storage system?
Lithium battery energy storage system is a kind of power storage technology which uses lithium battery as energy storage element. This system converts electrical energy into chemical energy stored in lithium batteries and releases it into electrical energy when needed to achieve the storage and release of electrical energy.
1. System composition
Lithium battery energy storage system is mainly composed of battery pack, battery management system (BMS), energy management system (EMS), energy storage converter (PCS) and other electrical equipment. The battery pack is the core part of the system, responsible for the storage and release of electrical energy; BMS is responsible for battery monitoring, evaluation, protection and balancing. EMS is responsible for data acquisition, network monitoring and energy scheduling. The PCS controls the charging and discharging process of the energy storage battery pack, and carries out AC/DC transformation.
2. Working principle
The working principle of the lithium battery energy storage system is based on the migration of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes. Each cell consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte separated by a diaphragm, but the electrolyte can pass through the diaphragm to form ion channels. When the system needs to store electrical energy, the external power supply charges the battery pack through PCS, and lithium ions migrate from the positive electrode to the negative electrode and are stored in the negative electrode material. When the system needs to release electrical energy, lithium ions return from the negative electrode to the positive electrode and release electrical energy at the same time.
3. Application field
Lithium battery energy storage system has a wide range of applications. In the industrial sector, it is mainly used for power grid energy storage, voltage stabilization, and efficient and safe charging services for electric vehicle charging stations. In the civil field, the lithium battery energy storage system can realize the centralized management of the household energy storage system, convert renewable energy sources such as solar energy into storage, and intelligent scheduling to meet the household electricity demand, and achieve energy saving, emission reduction and improve the energy supply quality and economic benefits of household electricity. In addition, lithium battery energy storage is also widely used in new energy vehicles and other fields.
4. Advantages and Disadvantages
Lithium battery energy storage system has the advantages of high energy density, long life, low self-discharge, strong scalability and environmental protection. However, its high price, safety is easy to be compromised, sensitive to temperature and slow cost decline and other shortcomings can not be ignored.
